The 5^th congress of European Academy of Pediatric Societies (EAPS) was held in Barcelona/Spain from 17-21 October 2014. More than 3000 physicians and nurses from 101 countries were participated in this congress. The researches and articles were presented as lectures or posters simultaneously in nine conference halls. One of the most important lectures was about 'Genetic theory of infectious diseases' which presented by professor JL Casanova from USA. Also many lectures and posters were presented in field of pediatric nephrology about: diagnosis and control of urinary tract infections, fallow up of prenatal hydronephrosis, congenital nephrotic syndrome, new markers of tubular damage, imaging studies in urinary tract infections, problems of vasculitis diagnosis in children, urolithiasis, continuous renal replacement therapy in PICU and ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure in children. Abstracts of congress will be published in Archives of diseases in childhood.